Caseic language
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Caseic is the most common language of the Caseic Archipelago, and is the official language in most states therein. It is subdivided into three dialects: the Southern Dialect, which is considered standard in the Caseic Federation; the Northern Dialect, which is considered standard in the Greater Nayela Union and Prefichi; and the Esiga Dialect, which is considered standard in Esiga.
History
During the 600s TT, a pidgin trade language used in Ibe-Jibin, Ibe-Nacha, and Framaja-Nayela began to form. In the 500s TT, it was standardised into a form known as Standard Weatherplague Caseic. This standard form began to be used as an official language of the Nacha Republic and Chacya Kingdom, especially for the purpose of trade. As travel throughout the Caseic Archipelago became easier with the development of new technology, the language spread to the Cajia Kingdom.
With the rise of the Caseic Federation, the Caseic language became the official language of the whole archipelago, with other languages diminishing.
Phonology
| Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal stop | m | n | |
| Plosive | p b | t | k g |
| Affricate | t͡ʃ d͡ʒ | ||
| Fricative | f | s | |
| Approximant | w~ɥ | ɹ | j (w~ɥ) |
| Front | Central | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ʉ | |
| Mid | e~ɛ | ɞ~ə | |
| Open | a | ||
| Diphthongs | ae, œy, ei | ||
Orthography
Romanisation
This is the orthography used to represent Caseic on this wiki.
| Letter | Sound | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| a | a | |
| ae | ae~aj | |
| ai | øy | |
| b | b | |
| br | bɹ | |
| bw | bˠw | |
| c | k | |
| ch | t͡ʃ | |
| cr | kɹ | |
| cy | kj | |
| e | ɛ | |
| ei | ei~ej | |
| f | f | |
| g | g | |
| gr | gɹ | |
| gy | gj | |
| h | h | Only used in transcriptions of Esiga Caseic |
| i | i~y | |
| j | d͡ʒ | |
| l | l | Only appears in Northern and Esiga dialects |
| m | m | |
| n | n | |
| o | o | |
| p | p | |
| pr | pɹ | |
| r | ɹ | |
| s | s | |
| sw | sw | |
| t | t | |
| u | ʉ | |
| w | w~ɥ | |
| y | j |
With respect to sounds, tildes indicate phonetic variation, e.g. ⟨w⟩ is realised as /w/ before ⟨a⟩ or ⟨o⟩ but as /ɥ/ before ⟨i⟩.
Hyphens are used to indicate separate components in compound nouns, e.g. Ibe-Jibin ("Jibin city"), or to indicate broken diphthongs, e.g. naje-in ("eatery"). Apostrophes indicate clitic forms of pronouns.
Grammar
Nouns
Nouns have case and number indicated by particles. Different particles are used for common and proper nouns.
| Case | Singular | Plural | Mass |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ergative | framoc | framoc cya | framoc am |
| Absolutive | ac framoc | ac framoc cya | ac framoc acha |
| Genitive | sa framoc | sa framoc am | sa framoc am |
| Dative | cri framoc | cri framoc acha | cri framoc acha |
| Case | Singular/Mass | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Ergative | Casi | Casi am |
| Absolutive | cai Casi | uc Casi acha |
| Genitive | sa Casi | sa Casi am |
| Dative | cra Casi | cori Casi cya |
Particle combination
Where two particles would be adjacent, they are typically combined.
- *Churog cya ac sweri acha panameri.
- → Churog cyac sweri acha panameri.
- "The churgs eat some mushrooms"